The goals of this research are to identify the appropriate methods, timing, location, and reasons for incorporating uncertainty into state DOT and MPO planning and programming processes. The research also aims to develop frameworks, guidelines, or toolkits to incorporate uncertainty into various planning documents such as LRTPs, STIP/TIPs, and monitor their implementation. Additionally, the research will identify strategies and techniques to respond proactively to uncertainty in plans and achieve their objectives. Lastly, the study will provide strategies for communicating with stakeholders, including partners, decision-makers, elected officials, and the public about uncertainty in transportation planning and programming.